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1Table of ContentsIntroduction ... 2Siemens Industry, Inc. ...

10Residential ApplicationsPower, generated at a power plant and stepped up to a high transmission voltage, is brought to a local substation. Here, it

100Resistance Temperature A device used to sense temperature that varies in resistance asDetector (RTD) temperature changes. Resistor A device ma

101Secondary Unit Substation A coordinated design consisting of one or more transformers mechanically and electrically linked to switchgear or switch

102Sensing Switch A device, sometimes called a sensor, that turns on or off to indicate presence or absence of an object or material. Examples includ

103Servo Drive Usually refers to an electronic device used to control the speed and torque of a servo motor as part of a closed-loop positioning con

104Single Quadrant Operation Describes the operation of a variable speed drive that can provide torque to drive the motor, but cannot provide brakin

105Starter Ratings Motor Starters are rated according to size and type of load. NEMA and IEC rate motor starters differently. IEC-rated devices are r

106Step-up Transformer A transformer with fewer turns of wire in its primary coil than in its secondary coil. The step-up transformer is used to ste

107Synchronous Speed The speed of the rotating magnetic field in a three-phase motor. Synchronous speed is determined by the line frequency and the n

108Torque A turning or twisting force. Since torque is expressed as a force times the length of the radius at which the force is measured, torque is

109Trip Unit The part of the circuit breaker that determines when the breaker will trip. Many circuit breakers use a thermal-magnetic or magnetic-on

11Siemens Generators Although the power from electric companies is usually reliable enough for residential applications, many homeowners and business

110Variable Speed Drive An electronic drive device used to control the speed of an electric motor. This term applies to both AC Drives and DC Drives

111Review AnswersReview 1 1) Meter mains; 2) Uni-Pak meter centers, Power Mod with QuickSystem modular metering; 3) 100, 225; 4) combination;5) SPD.R

112Final Exam InstructionsBefore taking the final exam, it is recommended that you delete the temporary internet files from your computer’s web browser.

12Meter Mains and Meter Meter mains and meter load center combinations are Load Center Combinations similar. Meter mains incorporate space for a wa

13Residential Power After passing through a meter, incoming power usually goesDistribution to a load center. Load center is an industry term used t

14Circuit Breakers Circuit breakers provide a manual means of energizing and de-energizing a circuit and overcurrent protection for the connected cir

15AFCI Circuit Breaker Arc faults are electrical arcs which result when current flows in unintended ways, but, in residential applications, often not

16Point of Entry Surge Siemens residential products include devices intended to Protection minimize damage from electrical surges. For example, Siem

17Special Application Panels Siemens Generator Ready Load Center is a UL listed 200 A, 30 circuit, 42 space indoor load center that provides an effec

18Enclosed Circuit Breakers Siemens manufactures circuit breaker enclosures andand Disconnects fused, non-fused, and molded case switch disconnects.

19Review 11. ________ incorporate space for a watt-hour meter and a main service disconnect in the same enclosure.2. _________ and _________ provide

2IntroductionWelcome to another course in the STEP series, Siemens Technical Education Program, designed to help our distributors and customers better

20Commercial ApplicationsCommercial applications range from small offices and stores to larger complexes such as hotels, office buildings, and shopping

21Busway is a system of enclosed and insulated conductors and associated fittings and accessories manufactured for rapid assembly at the job site. Siem

22The Busway Advantage A major advantage of busway is the ease in which buswaysections are connected together. Electrical power can be supplied to an

23Panelboard Construction The load centers discussed previously in this course are panelboards designed for residential or light commercial applicati

24The P3 panel is also a flexible and innovative panel. P3 panels are sized more like a lighting and appliance panel for those tight areas, but able to

25Switchboard Construction Switchboards typically consist of a service section with a main circuit breaker or main fusible switch and one or more dis

26Integrated Power System The modular design of Siemens Integrated Power System(IPS) Switchboard (IPS) switchboard allows the customer to integrate

27Super Blue Pennant Siemens Super Blue Pennant switchboard is a serviceSwitchboard entrance switchboard with main service disconnect and distributi

28Panelboard Example When deciding between a panelboard and a switchboard in commercial applications, it is not always clear which product you should

29From the limited information provided in the two previous examples, except for the maximum service current requirement, it is not obvious whether a

3Siemens is a trademark of Siemens AG. Product names mentioned may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Specifications

30While some thermal-magnetic circuit breakers have an adjustable trip curve, the adjustment is limited. Circuit breakers with a solid state trip unit

31Another category of large circuit breakers is the low voltage (LV) power circuit breaker. LV power circuit breakers are generally drawout mounted an

32HCP Fusible Switches Siemens high contact pressure (HCP) fusible switch is another device that can be used as a disconnect device in panelboards a

33Transient Protection System Many types of equipment, especially computers and office(TPS3) equipment, are susceptible to the high energy levels ass

34VBII Safety Switches A safety switch is a type of enclosed switch. Fusible safety switches include provisions for fuses, non-fusible safety switche

35Motor Starters Although safety switches can be used to start and stop motors, many motor applications require the use of remote control devices to

36Review 2 1. Siemens P1 panelboards are available with current ratings up to ______ amps.2. Siemens P5 panelboards are available with continuous cu

37Industrial ApplicationsVoltage Classes The power distribution equipment discussed thus far is often referred to as low voltage equipment, but there

38Switchgear The term switchgear is used to describe a compartmentalized system of coordinated devices used for power distribution control and circui

39WL Low Voltage Metal- WL low voltage metal-enclosed switchgear is manufacturedEnclosed Switchgear by SII and incorporates WL low voltage power cir

4Siemens Industry, Inc.Company Overview The objective of this course is to provide a high-level overview of those products of Siemens Industry, Inc.

40Secondary Unit Substations Some customers require an integrated assembly, called a secondary unit substation, to provide electrical service to a fa

41Large Industrial Facility Even in large industrial facilities, supply voltage must bePower Distribution Example reduced to a level that can be us

42Busway Busway is widely used in industrial applications to distribute power. There are different types of busway, however. Feeder busway is used to

43Siemens Busway Siemens manufactures a variety of busway types to meet varied application requirements. SENTRON Busway is a flexible power distributi

44Manufacturing ApplicationsThus far, this course has primarily centered on Siemens products used to distribute power throughout residential, commerci

45In general, we can say that most manufacturing processes incorporate one or more of the following process types:Discrete Parts ManufacturingAssembly

46Discrete Parts ManufacturingManufacturing discrete parts typically requires the use of multiple machines. Machines are used to move and store raw ma

47Input Devices The PLC receives signals from various switches and sensors in the controlled machine or related equipment. Many of these signals are

48SIRIUS Modular System Siemens manufactures an extensive array of components and systems that can be utilized for machine control applications. One

49Human Machine Interface A Human Machine Interface (HMI) is any device that acts as a link between the operator and the machine. Typically, however,

5Electric PowerPower, originating at a power generating plant, is distributed to residential, commercial, and industrial customers through various tra

50As the S7-1200 PLC executes its control program, it receives inputs from manual switches mounted on the front of the panel. It also communicates wit

51Operator PanelMachine Control PanelSIMATIC S7 PLCServo MotorsServo DriveReview 41. An example of a device that might be controlled by a PLC discret

52Assembly ProcessesAssembly processes may involve assembling an entire system or subsystem at one location. In many cases, however, parts are mounted

53NEMA Motor IEC MotorMotor Control Wherever motors are used, they must be controlled. The most basic type of AC motor control involves turning the m

54An MCC is a sectionalized structure with control components for each motor mounted in a removable container called a pan or bucket. In addition to c

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56Low Voltage AC Drives Each of these classes is further divided. For example, Siemens low voltage AC drives include general purpose drives, general

57DC Drives Although AC motors are more commonly used, many factories also use DC motors for selected applications. In many of these applications, pr

58Identification Systems Assembly applications frequently require identification of objects used or manufactured. This is accomplished by systems that

59A variety of programming options are available. This includes basic programming languages (Instruction List, Ladder Diagram, and Function Block Diag

6Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric power plants use mechanical energy from falling water to turn a generator.Newer Renewable Energy Of the power gen

60TIA Portal Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) is an innovative engineering framework that unifies multiple automation tools into a si

61Industrial Networks In any complex assembly process, the need for rapid information flow is critical. Conditions at any point in the process may imp

62The Siemens SIMATIC NET product family includes a range of SCALANCE X Industrial Ethernet switches to fit varied requirements from localized to plant

63IO-Link is an open communication standard developed by the IO-Link research group of the PROFIBUS & PROFINET International organization in respo

64SIMATIC IT Manufacturing There are a variety of manufacturing information technology (IT)Execution System systems. For example, manufacturing faci

65Batch and Continuous ProcessesThus far, we have discussed equipment used in discrete parts manufacturing or assembly applications. In addition to th

66Continuous Processes Continuous processes are less understood by most people; however, they have some similarities to batch processes. Ingredients

67Process Instrumentation Because process types and requirements vary widely, many types of sensors, transmitters, actuators, and other devices are u

68Process Visualization The range of SIMATIC HMI operating and monitoring products includes three software families: SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal), SIMA

69Traditionally, medium to large process applications have been controlled by a distributed control system (DCS) that is based on proprietary hardware

7If you track the rotation of the AC generator through a complete revolution of 360°, you would see that, during the first quarter of a revolution, vol

70Review 6 1. _______ control involves measuring a value, comparing the measured value to a desired value, and correcting for the error.2. _______ p

71Pictorial GlossaryThe pictorial glossary includes definitions and illustrations for many terms that are frequently used in the electrical industry. T

72Ambient Temperature The temperature of the medium (such a air) surrounding a device.American National A nongovernmental organization that promotes

73Analog Output An output from a system that can continuously vary over a range of current or voltage such as 4 to 20 milliamps or 0 to 10 volts.Tran

74Arc Fault Circuit A circuit breaker designed to provide protection from the Interrupter (AFCI) effects of an arc fault by recognizing the charact

75Binary Number A number made up only of 1’s and 0’s that represent powers of two (2). Digital equipment uses binary numbers to represent numerical v

76Bus Bar A conductor that serves as a common connection for two or more circuits.Bus BarsBus Plug A device used with plug-in busway to provide po

77Capacitance The property of a circuit or device that allows it to store an electrical charge. The symbol for capacitance is “C.” The unit for capac

78Circuit Breaker A device that can be used to open or close a circuit manually and also opens a circuit automatically when it senses an overcurrent.

79Control Relay Often refers to a device with contacts that open and close electromagnetically, but solid state control relays are also available. Co

8Transformers Once the electrical energy gets near the end user, the utility steps down the voltage to the level needed by the user. The device that

80DC Drive An electronic device used to control the speed of a DC motor. The term variable speed drive applies to both DC Drives and AC Drives.SINAMI

81DIN Rail A mounting bracket manufactured to German Institute for Standardization (DIN) specifications. Typically used to mount devices such as small

82Distribution Section A switchgear, switchboard , or power panelboard section that receives power from the service section and distributes power to

83Encoder Often refers to a digital device that provides angular position information. Some encoders provide this information as incremental pulses

84Four-Quadrant Operation Describes the operation of a variable speed drive that is capable of providing forward or reverse torque with the motor ro

85Ground A connection to the earth or to a conductive object such as an equipment chassis.Service EntranceLoad CenterTransformer SecondaryNeutral Bon

86Harmonic Distortion The effect of harmonics on the fundamental frequency. Harmonic distortion can interfere with the operation of electronic device

87Impedance The total opposition to alternating current. Impedance is the vector sum of resistance and reactance. The symbol for impedance is “Z.” T

88Input/Output (I/O) System The part of a control system that interfaces to the real world. The I/O system accepts signals from switches and sensors,

89International Organization A network of standards organizations from over 150 countriesfor Standardization (ISO) that develops voluntary standard

9Three-Phase Transformers Transformers used with three-phase power require three interconnected coils in both the primary and the secondary. These tr

90Limit Switch A type of switch that opens or closes its contacts when its actuator is moved by an object.TargetOperating HeadActuatorSwitch BodyLoad

91Main Breaker The circuit breaker in or upstream from a load center, panelboard, switchboard, switchgear or other equipment that supplies the full c

92Molded Case Circuit Breaker A circuit breaker enclosed in an insulated housing. In the United States, molded case circuit breakers conform to NEMA

93Motor Insulation Class Standards established by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) to meet motor temperature requirements fou

94NEMA Frame Size A designation that identifies motor dimensions based upon standards provided by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association.

95Ohm’s Law A law that states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance.I

96Overload Relay Class Defines the length of time an overload condition can exist before an overload relay trips. For example, a class 10 overload rel

97Pilot Light An indicator light typically used to represent a condition in a machine or process.RUN Pilot Light is OnMotor Running Motor StoppedSTO

98Power The rate at which work is done or energy is transformed. In an electric circuit, power is measured in watts, or sometimes in horsepower. The

99Random Access Memory Usually refers to a type of semiconductor memory often used (RAM) for temporary storage. RAM requires the continual applicat